As commodities agr\u00edcolas desempenham um papel fundamental, n\u00e3o apenas na economia dos EUA, mas tamb\u00e9m no com\u00e9rcio global e nos mercados financeiros. Essas mat\u00e9rias-primas incluem produtos b\u00e1sicos como:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n
trigo;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
milho;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
soja;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
caf\u00e9;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
cacau;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
gado vivo;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
su\u00ednos magros;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
e outros produtos relacionados \u00e0 agricultura e pecu\u00e1ria.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Elas compreendem muitos dos elementos fundamentais que constituem a oferta global de alimentos e podem ser ingredientes fundamentais para uso em diversas ind\u00fastrias, como a t\u00eaxtil, farmac\u00eautica, de biocombust\u00edveis e muitas outras. Em resumo, as commodities agr\u00edcolas s\u00e3o essenciais tanto para a subsist\u00eancia humana b\u00e1sica quanto para a produ\u00e7\u00e3o industrial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Voc\u00ea sabia?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Voc\u00ea j\u00e1 deve saber que o milho pode ser usado para v\u00e1rios prop\u00f3sitos, desde o consumo direto como fonte alimentar, at\u00e9 a fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o de ado\u00e7antes alimentares, como o xarope de milho com alto teor de frutose. Talvez voc\u00ea tamb\u00e9m saiba que o milho \u00e9 usado para produzir biocombust\u00edveis, como o etanol. Mas voc\u00ea sabia que o milho tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 usado para produzir outros bens industriais, como envelopes e lixas, por exemplo, e est\u00e1 envolvido na fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o de produtos farmac\u00eauticos, como antibi\u00f3ticos?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Mais do que produtos agr\u00edcolas…<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
No geral, as commodities agr\u00edcolas (ou “soft commodities\u201d) s\u00e3o muito mais do que simplesmente produtos agr\u00edcolas. Elas s\u00e3o tamb\u00e9m determinantes econ\u00f4micos, instrumentos financeiros e componentes-chave do com\u00e9rcio global.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A agricultura contribui significativamente para o PIB dos EUA e sustenta a economia atrav\u00e9s da cria\u00e7\u00e3o de milh\u00f5es de empregos em v\u00e1rios setores, como produ\u00e7\u00e3o agr\u00edcola, processamento de alimentos, transporte e finan\u00e7as. Como essas commodities s\u00e3o geralmente muito negociadas, seus pre\u00e7os podem afetar a infla\u00e7\u00e3o, os gastos do consumidor e a seguran\u00e7a alimentar. Por exemplo, um aumento nos pre\u00e7os do milho pode levar a custos mais altos para produtos em muitas outras ind\u00fastrias, incluindo carnes, refrigerantes e combust\u00edveis, considerando o papel do milho na produ\u00e7\u00e3o de ra\u00e7\u00e3o animal, ado\u00e7antes e etanol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
No entanto, diferentemente da maioria dos bens manufaturados, as commodities agr\u00edcolas s\u00e3o produzidas sazonalmente, com n\u00edveis de oferta influenciados por fatores como clima, ciclos de plantio, per\u00edodos de colheita e doen\u00e7as, que podem representar grande volatilidade e risco para os mercados.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Para ajudar a mitigar esses riscos, traders e investidores de commodities agr\u00edcolas geralmente recorrem a certos instrumentos financeiros, principalmente contratos futuros. Commodities agr\u00edcolas s\u00e3o fundamentais para os mercados financeiros porque oferecem uma prote\u00e7\u00e3o para produtores, consumidores e investidores contra a volatilidade de pre\u00e7os. Contratos futuros s\u00e3o a principal ferramenta utilizada para este fim, pois permitem que as partes interessadas fixem pre\u00e7os com anteced\u00eancia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Investidores institucionais, fundos de hedge e assessores de negocia\u00e7\u00e3o de commodities tamb\u00e9m negociam esses contratos como parte de estrat\u00e9gias mais amplas das carteiras de investimento. Esses mercados fornecem liquidez, descoberta de pre\u00e7os e gest\u00e3o de riscos, e todas essas fun\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00e3o essenciais para uma economia global eficiente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ao longo deste curso, veremos esses t\u00f3picos com mais profundidade, al\u00e9m de destacar os pap\u00e9is excepcionais que as commodities agr\u00edcolas podem desempenhar nos mercados financeiros. Al\u00e9m disso, ao longo das pr\u00f3ximas li\u00e7\u00f5es, abordaremos os fundamentos do que s\u00e3o as commodities agr\u00edcolas, como s\u00e3o negociadas e os tipos de participantes ativos nos mercados. Tamb\u00e9m exploraremos alguns dos principais riscos que esses produtos apresentam e veremos relat\u00f3rios oficiais que fornecem algumas previs\u00f5es para traders e investidores, com o objetivo geral de atenuar esses riscos. Tamb\u00e9m veremos alguns exemplos reais de como as commodities agr\u00edcolas podem afetar os mercados financeiros, as economias e o com\u00e9rcio global.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nesta introdu\u00e7\u00e3o, apresentamos uma vis\u00e3o geral sobre os diferentes tipos de commodities agr\u00edcolas, bem como sua import\u00e2ncia para as economias globais e os mercados financeiros.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1134,"featured_media":204964,"parent":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"footnotes":""},"contributors-categories":[149],"traders-academy":[2636,2840],"class_list":{"0":"post-206168","1":"trading-lessons","2":"type-trading-lessons","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"contributors-categories-interactive-brokers","7":"traders-academy-language","8":"traders-academy-pt"},"pp_statuses_selecting_workflow":false,"pp_workflow_action":"current","pp_status_selection":"publish","acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
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<\/figure>\n\n\n\n